Evidence date30 Aug 2026
AreasP06
OutcomeObserved in real data
●   How we do it / Result

Historical diagnosis of the first confidence gap

Question

Does the shortfall in RefCal's per-band confidence coverage behave like random spread, or does real data reveal a stable difference that carries into withheld dates?

Observed in real data Superseded How stages are defined

This result has been superseded by Confidence coverage on a like-for-like surface basis (22 Sept 2026). It stays published as part of the record.

§ 01
The result

What we did

After the first claim-grade confidence run missed its target, RefCal assessed whether the apparent shortfall had a stable, repeatable character and carried into unseen dates. At the time, the analysis treated the available RadCalNet values as surface reference measurements.

What we saw

On that basis, most of the gap appeared stable rather than random. On withheld dates, factoring out the learned difference increased coverage from 0.49 to 0.61 while leaving the underlying spread essentially unchanged. Later lineage work showed that this analysis compared surface outputs with top-of-atmosphere reference values.

What it means

This analysis is useful history but no longer establishes why current surface-confidence coverage behaves as it does. The corrected surface-to-surface proof set supersedes both this diagnosis and the first failed run.

§ 02
Conditions and limits
  • This historical diagnosis used the same reference basis later found to mix top-of-atmosphere truth with surface reflectance. It is superseded and is not the current explanation of confidence performance.
  • This is an outcome-level result. It states that confidence is provided per band but does not describe how RefCal produces, separates or updates those intervals.
  • The reported held-out improvement remains a record of what that analysis produced, not evidence that a current delivered result improved.
  • The coverage factor used in these checks is a declared engineering assumption pending an independent reference figure.
§ 03
Data and credits
  • RadCalNet RadCalNet reference measurements, with citation to Bouvet et al. 2019, Remote Sensing 11(20), 2401.
  • Copernicus Sentinel-2 Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2024-2025.
§ Contact

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